Generating content for topics based on user demand

ABSTRACT

Techniques for generating content for topics based on user demand are disclosed. In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demand includes determining a topic based on a user demand; automatically generating content for the topic; and selecting the content that is contextually relevant for display within a corpus of content (e.g., a web site, a social networking web page, content customized for mobile devices, content customized based on location awareness, or an electronic mail message).

CROSS REFERENCE TO OTHER APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of co-pending U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 14/472,233, entitled GENERATING CONTENT FOR TOPICS BASED ONUSER DEMAND, filed Aug. 28, 2014, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 13/222,860, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,849,812, entitledGENERATING CONTENT FOR TOPICS BASED ON USER DEMAND, filed Aug. 31, 2011,both of which are incorporated herein by reference for all purposes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Search engines (e.g., web based search engines provided by variousvendors, including, for example, Google, Microsoft's Bing, and Yahoo)provide for searches of online information that includes searchablecontent (e.g., digitally stored electronic data), such as searchablecontent available via the World Wide Web (WWW). As input, a searchengine typically receives a search query (e.g., query input includingone or more terms, such as keywords, by a user of the search engine).The search engine performs the search for the search query and outputsresults that are typically presented in a ranked list, often referred toas search results or hits (e.g., links or Uniform Resource Locators(URLs) for one or more web pages and/or web sites). The search resultscan include web pages, images, audio, video, database results, directoryresults, information and other types of data.

Search engines typically provide paid search results (e.g., the firstthree results in the main listing and/or results often presented in aseparate listing on the right side of the output screen). For example,advertisers may pay for placement in such paid search results based onkeywords (e.g., keywords in search queries). Search engines alsotypically provide organic search results, also referred to as naturalsearch results. Organic search results are based on various algorithmsemployed by different search engines that attempt to provide relevantsearch results based on a received search query.

For improved Internet marketing, search engine optimization (SEO) hasdeveloped as a form of industry/technical consulting (often referred toas search engine optimizers) provided to web site operators (e.g.,vendors of products/services with web sites and/or e-commerce vendors ofproducts/services) for improving the volume or quality of traffic to aweb site from a search engine via organic search results (e.g., toimprove the web site's web presence as a paid service engagement orpursuant to a marketing campaign). Generally, the higher a web siteappears in the organic search results list, the more users it willreceive from the search engine. SEO can target different kinds ofsearch, including image search, local search, and industry specific,vertical search engines to improve the web site's web presence. Forexample, SEO often considers how search engines work and what peoplesearch for to recommend web site related changes to optimize a web site(e.g., which primarily involves editing its content and HyperText MarkupLanguage (HTML) coding to both increase its relevance to specifickeywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of searchengines).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the followingdetailed description and the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a functional diagram illustrating a programmed computer systemfor generating content for topics based on user demand in accordancewith some embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a functional diagram illustrating network based search inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram for generating content for topics based on userdemand in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 4 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 5 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 6 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 7 is a functional diagram illustrating a web page including linksto topics based on user demand in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8 is a network architecture for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 9 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The invention can be implemented in numerous ways, including as aprocess; an apparatus; a system; a composition of matter; a computerprogram product embodied on a computer readable storage medium; and/or aprocessor, such as a processor configured to execute instructions storedon and/or provided by a memory coupled to the processor. In thisspecification, these implementations, or any other form that theinvention may take, may be referred to as techniques. In general, theorder of the steps of disclosed processes may be altered within thescope of the invention. Unless stated otherwise, a component such as aprocessor or a memory described as being configured to perform a taskmay be implemented as a general component that is temporarily configuredto perform the task at a given time or a specific component that ismanufactured to perform the task. As used herein, the term ‘processor’refers to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing coresconfigured to process data, such as computer program instructions.

A detailed description of one or more embodiments of the invention isprovided below along with accompanying figures that illustrate theprinciples of the invention. The invention is described in connectionwith such embodiments, but the invention is not limited to anyembodiment. The scope of the invention is limited only by the claims andthe invention encompasses numerous alternatives, modifications andequivalents. Numerous specific details are set forth in the followingdescription in order to provide a thorough understanding of theinvention. These details are provided for the purpose of example and theinvention may be practiced according to the claims without some or allof these specific details. For the purpose of clarity, technicalmaterial that is known in the technical fields related to the inventionhas not been described in detail so that the invention is notunnecessarily obscured.

A web site typically includes of a set of interconnected web pages. Aweb page generally includes content of any of a variety of differenttypes. The content of a web page can include content that is searchable,for example, by a search engine. The content of a web page can alsoinclude one or more hyperlinks that provide navigation to other webpages and/or resources. The structure of a web site is generally definedby the hierarchical organization of web pages including the web site aswell as the links existing between pages of the web site. It may bedesirable to enhance the content and/or structure of a web site, forexample, to improve the discoverability of the web site (e.g., for userquery/navigation and/or search engine crawling and web page rankings forvarious queries) and to provide web pages with more relevantinformation.

Numerous factors can affect the discoverability of a web site and itsassociated web pages. In some cases, key content associated with a pagemay not be searchable. At least some of the content of a page may bedynamically generated and provided with a page (e.g., via a JavaScriptwidget), in response to a user request for the page. For example, someof the dynamic content of a page can be generated client-side (e.g., bya web browser executed on a client device, that is, a user's device).Although dynamic content may be relevant to searches, it is typicallynot crawlable by search engines. Server-side static content associatedwith a page may be searchable, but many issues may also arise withrespect to the searchable content of a page. For example, thediscoverability of the content of a page may be affected by languageusage, especially if important content of the page fails to encompassvariations that may instead be used to search for or otherwise locatethe content. For example, the content of a page may not include all orat least a relevant subset of synonyms of important keywords, terms, orphrases (e.g., table vs. desk); colloquial variations (e.g., cell phonevs. mobile phone); spelling variations (e.g., Hanukkah vs. Chanukah);geographical variations (e.g., Silicon Valley vs. Bay Area); categoricalvariations (e.g., a clothing merchandise web site that does notcategorize men's dress shirts by pattern, such as plaid or pin-striped),and/or various other categorical, ontological, localization, language orgrammatical, structural (e.g., pages may be too deep or dynamicallygenerated and, thus, not discoverable by users and/or search engines),and/or other variations that render the web site content, structure, ororganization to not be optimized for certain user queries. Moreover,content may not be presented in a manner that is conducive to searchesand/or user navigation. Furthermore, a fragmented distribution ororganization of content across the pages comprising a web site mayresult in the web site content not satisfying common search terms orqueries. For example, a restaurant web site that indicates on a home ormain page that the restaurant serves Japanese food and a San Franciscoaddress but that has on another page a menu that includes sushi may notbe provided or at least highly ranked as a search result in response toa user query for “sushi San Francisco.” The discoverability of a pagemay also be affected by the manner in which the page is linked to otherpages. For example, a page may not be easily accessible by a searchengine or a user if it is too deeply buried or nested within the pagehierarchy of a web site.

Various techniques for adding dynamic content (e.g., via JavaScript) toa web page exist. However, such content of a web page is generally notcrawlable or searchable and, thus, generally cannot be used by searchengines to retrieve and/or rank the web page.

Web site owners typically rely on Search Engine Optimization (SEO)consultants to optimize their web sites and/or associated web pages tomake them more amenable for search engine retrieval and/or ranking.However, such SEO consultants generally provide web sitecontent/structural change recommendations that require that the SEOconsultants or the web site operator manually modify the content and/orstructures of web sites so that the web sites and/or associated webpages can be better located by users and search engines. Such manualchanges are static changes based on analysis of the web site at aparticular period of time, and thus, such manual changes cannot accountfor changing user demand for content on the web site.

What is needed is content generation for topics based on user demand.Accordingly, techniques for generating content for topics (e.g., themesand/or sub-themes) based on user demand are disclosed. For example, thetechniques described herein can significantly enhance the content and/ordiscoverability of existing content of a web site (e.g., for an entityor for a brand) and its associated pages as well as make the web siteand its associated pages more amenable to various third party services(e.g., search engines) by providing richer content on pages and/orimproved navigation to pages. Although some of the given examples aredescribed with respect to web pages of a web site, the techniquesdisclosed herein can be employed with respect to any other organizationof a corpus of content whose content is desired to be improved tofacilitate enhanced content for topics based on user demand (e.g., webcontent and/or other forms of content, such as e-mails, content formobile devices, such as for web pages for mobile devices or forapplications for mobile devices, and/or content customized based onlocation awareness). For example, a corpus of content can include a website, a user's social networking web page, content customized for mobiledevices, content customized based on location awareness, an electronicmail message, and/or any other collection of digitally stored content.

In some embodiments, content for topics, such as for themes or relatedthemes or sub-themes (e.g., thematic pages) facilitate a web sitecapturing traffic for new category-like/torso and tail query traffic(e.g., which are queries that can be dynamically changing over time),through the generation and delivery of optimized (e.g., high user-valueand search-engine friendly) landing pages that enhances, for example, aweb site content and/or structure to enable discovery of the web site'srelevant content that corresponds to such category-like/torso and tailquery traffic.

For example, a merchandise web site for clothing merchandise can beenhanced include various new thematic pages that include optimizedcontent for a user's request to view merchandise corresponding to aquery for a “blue pin-striped men's dress shirt” (e.g., even if themerchandise web site does not otherwise categorize its dress shirtmerchandise by patterns), using various techniques described herein. Asanother example, a furniture web site can be enhanced to includethematic pages for leather chair as a theme and also include refinementsor sub-themes for leather theatre seat, leather club chair, leatherottoman, and/or various other sub-themes or refinements, using varioustechniques described herein. As yet another example, a travel web sitethat does not include a static page for flights from San Francisco toNew York City can be enhanced to include a thematic page for flightsfrom San Francisco to New York City and/or various other travel patternsor sub-themes related to such travel patterns (e.g., hotels in New YorkCity or car rentals in New York City), using various techniquesdescribed herein.

Thus, using various techniques described herein can provide for enhancedcapture of natural language queries from users (e.g., queries of usersat search engines and/or search queries from users while users arenavigating within the web site, such as using the search option of theweb site). Using various techniques described herein can also providefor enhanced web site content to allow for bidding for keywords forlanding pages. Using various techniques described herein can alsoimprove a web site's structure and expand the web site's content andstructure, which can thereby improve organic search results for the webpages of the web site.

In some embodiments, thematic pages (e.g., landing pages for a giventheme or topic or sub-topic or refinement) are generated dynamicallybased on user demand (e.g., observed user demand over time and/or inanticipation of user demand). For example, content that reflect a user'sbehavior (e.g., based on the user's behavior on or off the web site) andthat is based on the web site's content can be created (e.g., as needed,depending on the existing content of the web site and based on a dynamicmonitoring of user activities, such as user queries, user navigationwithin the web site, user's interest in particular content of the website, user's search/query activities on other web sites such as searchengines, user's activities on social networks, and/or other monitoreduser activities).

In some embodiments, thematic pages optimize torso queries and/or tailqueries by, for example, automatically generating optimized or enhancedcontent for the web site to attract queries for which the web site doesnot have adequate landing pages. In some embodiments, the topic or themeis a category-like/torso query that has high search volume potential,but for which the web site does not have a relevant existing web page.For example, products and other content presented on the thematic pagecan be highly related and relevant to the main theme. In someembodiments, the sub-topic or sub-theme is a tail query that has highsearch volume potential, but for which the web site does not have arelevant existing web page.

In some embodiments, thematic page content includes the following: aheading or theme; one or more sub-themes (e.g., each sub-theme can be atargeted query and include, for example, a list of products orservices), widgets showing more products or services, and related themesor related searches. In addition to the above, product content can alsoinclude a list of related queries and product/service description,title, and image.

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandincludes determining a topic based on a user demand; automaticallygenerating content for the topic; and selecting the content that iscontextually relevant for display within a corpus of content. In someembodiments, the content is optimized for the topic. In someembodiments, the corpus of content includes web content (e.g., a website), social content (e.g., a user's social networking web page),content optimized for mobile devices (e.g., content customized formobile devices), content optimized for location (e.g., contentcustomized based on location awareness), or an electronic mail message(e.g., e-mail).

In some embodiments, the content is displayed in a module of a corpus ofcontent that includes a plurality of modules, in which each moduleincludes dynamically generated contextually relevant content. Examplemodules can include a Related Searches module, a Most Popular Productsmodule, a Recent Viewed Products module, a Your Friends Have Seenmodule, a Refinements/Related Products module, and/or various othermodules. In some embodiments, a web site page can be structurallyorganized to include one or more modules, in which each module includesdynamically generated contextually relevant content using varioustechniques as described herein. In some embodiments, a module can beprovided for content that is delivered using mechanisms external orindependent of the web site, such as using e-mail sent to one or moreusers or using mobile apps executed on user mobile devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, laptops, and/or other mobile computing devices).

In some embodiments, selecting the content that is contextually relevantfor display with a corpus of content further includes determining thecontent based on a source of the user (e.g., a point of origin of theuser, such as whether the user is performing a web search, using asocial network, using electronic mail, using a mobile application (app),and/or any other point of origin of the user).

In some embodiments, selecting the content that is contextually relevantfor display with a corpus of content further includes determining thecontent based on a temporal element (e.g., day-part, week-part, holiday,and seasonality). In some embodiments, selecting the content that iscontextually relevant for display with a corpus of content furtherincludes personalizing the content based on user related data. Forexample, user related data can include user search history, userpurchase history, user device preference, user presentation preferences,content generated using pixel log related data, user reviews, socialnetworking related data (e.g., your friends looked at this), visitedinformation, and/or any other user related data.

In some embodiments, selecting the content that is contextually relevantfor display with a corpus of content further includes determining aplacement of the content for integration with a structure ororganization of the corpus of content. For example, the contextuallyrelevant content can be integrated into various existing structures ofthe corpus of content (e.g., using various different modules, andpossibly various different link structures for a web site) and/orintegrating into off-site content, such as e-mail, mobile app, and/orsocial content. In some embodiments, the corpus of content includes aweb site, in which the content includes web page content that isconfigured or organized differently than on other web pages of the website. In some embodiments, the corpus of content includes a web site,and the content includes contextually relevant data that does not existon other web pages of the web site. In some embodiments, for a giventopic (e.g., theme or sub-theme), a multitude of modules of contextuallyrelevant content can be generated based on the topic. In someembodiments, a selection of modules is automatically configured based oncontextual relevancy (e.g., based on a source of a user, user behavioron the web site and/or off the web site, and/or where the user isaccessing or viewing the module(s), such as web browsing, e-mail, socialnetwork, mobile device, and so forth).

In some embodiments, the content is selected for display in a pluralityof modules (e.g., Related Searches module, a Most Popular Productsmodule, a Recent Viewed Products module, a Your Friends Have Seenmodule, a Refinements/Related Products module, and/or various othermodules), and generating content for topics based on user demand furtherincludes displaying performance metrics associated with each of theplurality of modules, in which each of the plurality of modules can beconfigured or automatically removed based on the performance metrics. Insome embodiments, each of the plurality of modules is automaticallymodified based on the performance metrics. For example, configurationsettings can be selected to automatically decrease or stop using amodule or set of modules based on certain performance metric results,such as based on threshold settings or performance over a period of timecriteria, and/or any other settings or criteria. In some embodiments, acharge is determined for using each of the plurality of modules based onthe performance metrics associated with each of the plurality ofmodules.

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandfurther includes analyzing a set of search queries to determine thetopic based on the user demand, in which the set of search queriesinclude a log of search queries for the web site. In some embodiments,generating content for topics based on user demand further includesanalyzing an external data source to determine the topic based on theuser demand, in which the external data source includes socialnetworking resources associated with the web site and includes socialnetworking resources that include content that is similar to contentincluded on the web site. For example, twitter stream or other socialdata for popular shoes can be analyzed to determine thematic pagecontent for a shoe manufacturer. As another example, twitter stream dataor other social data (e.g., Facebook® pages or Google+® pages) for afamous cyclist or for a famous cycling event can be analyzed todetermine thematic page content for a cycling manufacturer. As yetanother example, twitter stream data or other social data (e.g.,Facebook® pages or Google+® pages) that include content related to abrand or an entity (e.g., which may or may not be owned, managed, orotherwise associated with controlled by the brand or the entity) can beanalyzed to determine thematic page content for the brand or the entity.

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandfurther includes analyzing user behavior to determine topics based onuser demand, in which the analyzed user behavior includes user searchbehavior performed on other web sites (e.g., user queries on searchengines).

In some embodiments, the corpus of content includes a web site, in whicha landing page of the web site includes the content, and generatingcontent for topics based on user demand further includes generating aplurality of configuration of modules for the topic for the web site, inwhich each of the plurality of configuration of modules is optimized fora referring source of user and a display device type (e.g., and/or othervariables, such as location, day part, and seasonality, operating system(OS) type, an so forth). For example, a thematic page for a topic, suchas cycling shoes for men or any other topic based on user demand, can bedifferent based on the user source, such as whether the user is comingfrom the Google® web site, e-mail, or the Facebook® web site.

In some embodiments, the corpus of content includes a web site, in whicha landing page of the web site includes the content, and generatingcontent for topics based on user demand further includes adding a linkon the web site for the topic, in which the link is associated with thelanding page, and in which the link is crawlable by a web crawler.

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandfurther includes automatically anticipate the user demand (e.g., usingvarious techniques described herein, such as based on current events,dates, special dates associated with a user such as birthdays oranniversaries, seasons and/or holidays, a scheduled or anticipated eventsuch as a major sporting event or major entertainment event, and/orvarious other criteria, parameters, and/or techniques).

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandincludes determining a topic based on a user demand; and automaticallygenerating a landing page for the topic for a web site. In someembodiments, generating content for topics based on user demand furtherincludes determining that the web site does not include existing webpage content for the topic; and automatically generating the landingpage for the topic for the web site using new externally generated webpage content. In some embodiments, the landing page includes web pagecontent that is optimized for the topic. In some embodiments, thelanding page includes web page content that exists on other web pages ofthe web site. In some embodiments, the landing page includes web pagecontent that does not exist on other web pages of the web site.

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandfurther includes analyzing a set of search queries to determine thetopic based on the user demand, in which the set of search queriesinclude a log of search queries for the web site. In some embodiments,generating content for topics based on user demand further includesanalyzing an external data source to determine the topic based on theuser demand, in which the external data source includes socialnetworking resources associated with the web site (e.g., a Facebook®account or Twitter® account associated with the web site).

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandfurther includes generating a plurality of versions of the landing pagefor the topic for the web site, in which each of the versions of thelanding page is optimized for a display device type or operating systemtype (e.g., a version for each of the following a PC browser; a tablet,such as an Apple iPad®; and a mobile phone, such as an Apple iPhone®mobile phone or a Google Android® based mobile phone).

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandfurther includes adding a link on the web site for the topic, in whichthe link is associated with the landing page, and in which a web crawlercan crawl the link.

In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on user demandincludes receiving a user request for a topic at a web server for a website, in which the topic is indicated as a linked topic on a web page ofthe web site; determining the topic based on the request; sending aserver request for a web page for the topic to a third party server;receiving the web page for the topic from the third party server;generating the web page for the topic; in which a source of the web pagefor the topic is transparent to a web crawler. In some embodiments, theserver request is communicated using an application programminginterface (API). In some embodiments, generating content for topicsbased on user demand further includes sending the web page for the topicto the requesting user browser. In some embodiments, generating contentfor topics based on user demand further includes caching the web pagefor the topic for a period of time or until an event occurrence.

FIG. 1 is a functional diagram illustrating a programmed computer systemfor generating content for topics based on user demand in accordancewith some embodiments. As shown, FIG. 1 provides a functional diagram ofa general purpose computer system programmed to perform generatingcontent for topics based on user demand in accordance with someembodiments. As will be apparent, other computer system architecturesand configurations can be used to perform context sensitive scriptediting for form design. Computer system 100, which includes varioussubsystems as described below, includes at least one microprocessorsubsystem (also referred to as a processor or a central processing unit(CPU)) 102. For example, processor 102 can be implemented by asingle-chip processor or by multiple processors. In some embodiments,processor 102 is a general purpose digital processor that controls theoperation of the computer system 100. Using instructions retrieved frommemory 110, the processor 102 controls the reception and manipulation ofinput data, and the output and display of data on output devices (e.g.,display 118). In some embodiments, processor 102 includes and/or is usedto provide the various computer/computer implemented functional elementsdescribed below with respect to FIGS. 2, 7, and 8 and/orexecutes/performs the processes described below with respect to FIGS. 3through 6 and 9.

Processor 102 is coupled bi-directionally with memory 110, which caninclude a first primary storage, typically a random access memory (RAM),and a second primary storage area, typically a read-only memory (ROM).As is well known in the art, primary storage can be used as a generalstorage area and as scratch-pad memory, and can also be used to storeinput data and processed data. Primary storage can also storeprogramming instructions and data, in the form of data objects and textobjects, in addition to other data and instructions for processesoperating on processor 102. Also as well known in the art, primarystorage typically includes basic operating instructions, program code,data and objects used by the processor 102 to perform its functions(e.g., programmed instructions). For example, primary storage devices110 can include any suitable computer-readable storage media, describedbelow, depending on whether, for example, data access needs to bebi-directional or uni-directional. For example, processor 102 can alsodirectly and very rapidly retrieve and store frequently needed data in acache memory (not shown).

A removable mass storage device 112 provides additional data storagecapacity for the computer system 100, and is coupled eitherbi-directionally (read/write) or uni-directionally (read only) toprocessor 102. For example, storage 112 can also includecomputer-readable media such as magnetic tape, flash memory, PC-CARDS,portable mass storage devices, holographic storage devices, and otherstorage devices. A fixed mass storage 120 can also, for example, provideadditional data storage capacity. The most common example of massstorage 120 is a hard disk drive. Mass storage 112, 120 generally storeadditional programming instructions, data, and the like that typicallyare not in active use by the processor 102. It will be appreciated thatthe information retained within mass storage 112, 120 can beincorporated, if needed, in standard fashion as part of primary storage110 (e.g., RAM) as virtual memory.

In addition to providing processor 102 access to storage subsystems, bus114 can be used to provide access other subsystems and devices as well.As shown, these can include a display monitor 118, a network interface116, a keyboard 104, and a pointing device 106, as well as an auxiliaryinput/output device interface, a sound card, speakers, and othersubsystems as needed. For example, the pointing device 106 can be amouse, stylus, track ball, or tablet, and is useful for interacting witha graphical user interface.

The network interface 116 allows processor 102 to be coupled to anothercomputer, computer network, or telecommunications network using anetwork connection as shown. For example, through the network interface116, the processor 102 can receive information (e.g., data objects orprogram instructions), from another network, or output information toanother network in the course of performing method/process steps.Information, often represented as a sequence of instructions to beexecuted on a processor, can be received from and outputted to anothernetwork. An interface card or similar device and appropriate softwareimplemented by (e.g., executed/performed on) processor 102 can be usedto connect the computer system 100 to an external network and transferdata according to standard protocols. For example, various processembodiments disclosed herein can be executed on processor 102, or can beperformed across a network such as the Internet, intranet networks, orlocal area networks, in conjunction with a remote processor that sharesa portion of the processing. Additional mass storage devices (not shown)can also be connected to processor 102 through network interface 116.

An auxiliary I/O device interface (not shown) can be used in conjunctionwith computer system 100. The auxiliary I/O device interface can includegeneral and customized interfaces that allow the processor 102 to sendand, more typically, receive data from other devices such asmicrophones, touch-sensitive displays, transducer card readers, tapereaders, voice or handwriting recognizers, biometrics readers, cameras,portable mass storage devices, and other computers.

In addition, various embodiments disclosed herein further relate tocomputer storage products with a computer readable medium that includesprogram code for performing various computer-implemented operations. Thecomputer-readable medium is any data storage device that can store datawhich can thereafter be read by a computer system. Examples ofcomputer-readable media include, but are not limited to, all the mediamentioned above: magnetic media such as hard disks, floppy disks, andmagnetic tape; optical media such as CD-ROM disks; magneto-optical mediasuch as optical disks; and specially configured hardware devices such asapplication-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logicdevices (PLDs), and ROM and RAM devices. Examples of program codeinclude both machine code, as produced, for example, by a compiler, orfiles containing higher level code (e.g., script) that can be executedusing an interpreter.

The computer system shown in FIG. 1 is but an example of a computersystem suitable for use with the various embodiments disclosed herein.Other computer systems suitable for such use can include additional orfewer subsystems. In addition, bus 114 is illustrative of anyinterconnection scheme serving to link the subsystems. Other computerarchitectures having different configurations of subsystems can also beutilized (e.g., server devices, appliances with hardware configures forspecific functions, such as a web server or an application server,and/or various other types of computing devices that can execute variousoperating systems and/or virtual machine software techniques).

FIG. 2 is a functional diagram illustrating network based search inaccordance with some embodiments. For example, the Internet and, inparticular, the World Wide Web (WWW), includes searchable contentlocated on various computers, servers, and network appliances (e.g., webservers/appliances). Web browsers, such as web browser 220, provideclient software executed on a computer, such as client 210, foraccessing searchable content (e.g., web pages) on the WWW, such assearchable content provided by a server 240 (e.g., Nike's web site)and/or competitor searchable content provided by a server 250 (e.g.,Adidas' web site). As shown in FIG. 2, the client computer 210 submits aquery to the search engine 230 and receives search results back from thesearch engine 230 (e.g., Google's search engine, Yahoo′ search engine,Microsoft's Bing search engine, or another search engine). The searchengine 230 provides search results based on the query received from theclient 210. The search engine 230 typically crawls various searchablecontent on the network, (e.g., crawlable content on WWW sites) includingsearchable content 240 and 250 to identify relevant searchable content(e.g., to update an index of available searchable content). The searchengine 230 typically provides natural or organic search results based onthe query and, in some cases, can also provide paid search results(e.g., based on paid keywords in the query submitted by the client 210or based on other techniques). As will be appreciated by those ofordinary skill in the art, various network architectures andsoftware/computing solutions are available for providing network basedsearch. In some embodiments, generating content for topics based on userdemand can be used, for example, by a web site operator providingsearchable content 240 by providing various modules for topics based onuser demand in which each module includes dynamically generatedcontextually relevant content as described herein using varioustechniques. For example, modules based on a topic can be generated thatinclude links added to new landing pages for the topic on a one or moreHTML pages of the web site providing the crawlable and searchablecontent 240 (e.g., in a module for providing related searches, a modulefor related topics, and/or a module for related themes, which can bepresented in a sub-section of the web page, in which the web page can bedivided to provide for including one or more such modules).

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram for generating content for topics based on userdemand in accordance with some embodiments. At 302, a topic (e.g., themeor sub-theme) based on user demand is determined. In some embodiments,user demand is determined by analyzing user activities on the web siteand/or user activities off of the web site. For example, the topic canbe determined by analyzing search query logs for the web site (e.g.,millions of user queries for the web site) and/or analyzing search querylogs for search engines (e.g., millions of user queries on one or moresearch engines. The search query logs are analyzed to identify commonsets of terms and phrases that describe a set of products (e.g., similartechniques can be applied to other data sources, such as social networkrelated sources that may or may not be associated with the web site, asdiscussed herein). Once these phrases are identified, these phrases canthen be passed through an inverse search engine that includes, forexample, a series of scoring and filters to identify terms or phrases ofinterest (e.g., a high frequency of certain terms or phrases, whichscore relatively highly using various scoring and filtering techniques,can be indicative of user demand); and such terms or phrases that arehigh scoring and non-duplicative of the web site's existing content canthen be selected and launched as topics using various techniquesdescribed herein. For example, referring to the furniture web siteexample, the query search logs can be analyzed to determine that thereis a high frequency of bi-grams that include the terms “leather” and“chair” (e.g., “leather arm chair”, “reclining leather chair”, and soforth). By extracting topics/sub-topics (e.g., themes/subthemes) basedon query/product matching analysis can identify matching words inqueries to generate new potential themes/sub-themes, such as leatherchair/leather reclining chair). The themes can be sorted based on commonwords, and then clustered (e.g., using a min hash clustering, n-squaredclustering based on bi-grams, or using various other clusteringtechniques) to generate potential queries of interest. Also, sub-themesusing word match or based on common products matching such queries and,in some cases, can further determine if a user issues a refinementsearch based on session data (e.g., session ID, referring URL, referringquery, and/or time stamp for every log, which allows for this type ofdetermination/extraction that user first searched for leather chair thansearched for reclining leather chair). Next, products that match leatherchair (e.g., p1, p2, p3, . . . , pn, etc.) can be determined, and thenpage content, name of product, tags, users landed on page and stayed fora period of time can be determined. In some cases, thesethemes/sub-themes can further be filtered based on whether the web siteis determined to have adequate existing content/structure (e.g., if not,then a new landing page for the theme/sub-theme can be generated toextend the web site to include the new thematic landing page to therebyenhance the web site's structure and/or content for the theme).

In some embodiments, web pages based on product and attributeinformation are be generated using various techniques as describedherein. For example, for each product on a web site, product names canbe analyzed to extract various attributes (e.g., colors, size, units,and/or other attributes) and product names. In some embodiments,extracting such attributes is determined by issuing various queriesagainst a product index for the web site; two products are deemedsimilar if they match a threshold number of queries; for each pair ofsimilar products, common strings are extracted; among the extractedstrings, known attributes such as colors, units, size, and/or otherattributes are extracted; in the remaining string, the longest matchingstring at the highest position is determined to be the product name; andeverything else is indicated as attributes. For each product-attributepair, the number of matching products is computed. If the number ofmatching products exceeds a specified threshold value, a page is createdfor this product-attribute pair. For example, for a running gear website, for the products: “All-weather Men's Running Shoes” and“Comfortable Nike Men's Running Shoes”, various attributes can beextracted, such as “Canvas”, “Comfortable”, “All-weather”, “Nike” can beextracted as attributes and “Men's Running Shoes” can be determined tobe the product. In this example, web pages based on product andattribute information such as the following can be generated:“Comfortable Men's Running Shoes” and “Canvas Men's Running shoes.”

In some embodiments, ontology based pages are generated using varioustechniques as described herein. In some embodiments, the navigationalcontent of a web site (e.g., menus, breadcrumbs, refinements etc) arescraped. For each of these scraped elements, the number of matchingproducts is computed. If the number of matching products is large enough(e.g., exceeds a threshold value), a page is generated for this element.For example, if a given web site has a category page for “Dishwashers”,and the refinements on the page are Color and Brand, then generated newpages can include, as examples, the following: “Gray Dishwashers” and“Kenmore Dishwashers.”

In some embodiments, structured content based pages are generated usingvarious techniques as described herein. As an example, a web site'scontent is structured into units. Each unit can either be a single pieceof information, a class of information, or a collection of information.Units can then be analyzed to compute as to how relevant they are toother units. This process can be manual or can be automated. If theabove frequencies are high, the units can be paired together. Blocks ofsuch units can now form a page, after incorporating some other metainformation. For example, a web site can have units of information, suchas “Flights from LA to NY”, “Hotels near Chicago airport”, “Bus from LAto SFO”, “Car Rentals near SFO airport”, etc. After analyzing the website, “Flights from X to Y” can be determined to be relevant to “Carrental near Y” and “Hotels near Y airport”, but determined to not berelevant to “Hotels near X airport” or “Bus from X to Y”. As a result, apage can be generated about “Flights from X to Y” with the determinedrelevant information.

At 304, content for the topic is automatically generated. At 306, thecontent that is contextually relevant for display within a corpus ofcontent is selected. In some embodiments, a potential query isdiscarded, because the web site is determined to not have sufficientcontent to generate a new landing page for the query (e.g., in somecases, if a query meets a certain threshold, but the web site lackssufficient content to generate a landing page for the query, then anotification can be sent to the web site owner and/or a log can begenerated to indicate this determination, thus allowing the web siteowner to potentially develop content for adding to the web site tomanually add a page or to allow the techniques described herein toautomatically generate a new landing page for a theme corresponding tosuch newly added web site content based on the query).

FIG. 4 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments. At 402, a topic(e.g., theme or sub-theme) based on user demand is determined. At 404,content for the topic is automatically generated. At 406, a plurality ofmodules for the topic is automatically generated. At 408, the contentthat is contextually relevant for display within a corpus of content isselected.

FIG. 5 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments. At 502, that the website does not include existing web page content for the topic isdetermined. At 504, a landing page for the topic is automaticallygenerated for the web site (e.g., which can be provided as a module forthe topic, as a new web page for the topic, and/or as new content forthe topic for an existing web page). At 506, whether to link the newlanding page for the topic is determined. For example, a networkadministrator can be contacted to confirm whether or not to add the linkto the new landing page. As another example, a network administrator canbe contacted, and if no response is received (e.g., within apredetermined period of time), the link to the new landing page canautomatically be added to the web site, or alternatively, if no responseis received, the link to the new landing page will not be added. As yetanother example, an automatic workflow process for approval of addingsuch new landing pages that include externally generated web pagecontent can be executed. At 508, assuming it is determined that the newlanding page should be added to the web site, a link is added to thelanding page from the web site.

FIG. 6 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments. As discussed above,user demand can be determine using various techniques described herein.At 602, a set of search query logs (e.g., search query logs associatedwith a web site) are analyzed to determine a topic based on the userdemand. At 604, an external data source is analyzed to determine thetopic based on the user demand. For example, the external data sourcecan include social networking resources (e.g., social networkingresources associated with the web site and includes social networkingresources that include content that is similar to content included onthe web site) and/or other external data sources. As another example,the external data source can include search engine search query logs. Insome embodiments, user related data is analyzed to determine user demandand/or to determine contextually relevant content for a given user. Forexample, user related data can include user search history, userpurchase history, user device preference, user presentation preferences,content generated using pixel log related data, user reviews, socialnetworking related data (e.g., your friends looked at this), visitedinformation, and/or any other user related data.

FIG. 7 is a functional diagram illustrating a web page including linksto topics based on user demand in accordance with some embodiments. Asshown, a web page 700 includes a “Related Searches” sub-section orsub-window 702, which includes links. In some embodiments, the RelatedSearches sub-section 702 includes links, in which at least some of thelinks include links to landing pages for topics or themes. In someembodiments, links to landing pages are included in other sections 704,706, and 708 (e.g., Related Topics or Related Sub-Topics or RelatedSearches) or integrated into various pages of corpus of content of a website.

In some embodiments, various modules are automatically generated for atopic or sub-topic (e.g., a theme or sub-theme). For example, themodules can be selected to provide contextually relevant content (e.g.,based on the web site, a source of a user, a device being used by theuser, and so forth) and can provide an optimal landing page for userqueries that are not otherwise optimally captured by the web site'sexisting content or structure. In some embodiments, various modules areprovided that provide the content for the topic (e.g., a RelatedSearches module, a Most Popular Products module, a Recent ViewedProducts module, a Your Friends Have Seen module, a Customer Favoritesmodule, a Refinements/Related Products module, and/or various othermodules).

In some embodiments, the customer favorites module presents the highestranking products that match the main theme (e.g., based on scoringtechniques as described herein). For example, the customer favorite'smodule facilitates the display of product assortments that are mostrelevant to the theme and expected to generate a significant portion ofuser clicks. Also, search engines can crawl this content, whichgenerally facilitates improved indexing and eventually ranking of theproduct pages linked, based on the optimized keywords present in thecontent. In some embodiments, these products are computed by analyzinguser click behavior and combining that with relevancy rating to create ascore. If the site has more information about products (e.g., ratings,reviews, and/or other information about products), this data will alsobe used to compute the product's relevancy score.

In some embodiments, the top refinements module presents a set ofqueries (e.g., or sub-themes) that are highly relevant refinements tothe base theme or main theme. For example, the sub-themes improve usernavigation, providing users with commonly used additional options forthe broad theme that they are exploring. Also, sub-themes and theirassociated content can generally improve keyword density and increasesearch engines' access and crawling of more keywords for the base themethan would be present on an existing product or category page. In someembodiments, sub-themes are computed by determining relatedness of thesub-theme to the base theme and analyzing user click data and behavior.For example, sub-themes can be generated and presented with minimaloverlap between each other, to increase diversity on the page andmaximize the number of unique keywords on the page.

In some embodiments, related themes are provided as links in asub-window (e.g., such as sub-window 702). In some embodiments, theseare links to other thematic pages that are relevant to the present page(e.g., web page 700). For example, users can navigate to related contentand explore additional products and themes that are related to thepresent thematic page. Also, these links are crawlable and, thus, canhelp search engines discover other thematic pages. In some embodiments,these links are computed based on product relevancy and product overlap(e.g., and can also be presented in a “Related Searches” widget).

In some embodiments, related searches are provided as links in asub-window (e.g., such as sub-window 702). In some embodiments, theseare links to other search results pages that are relevant to this page.For example, the related searches can suggest searches that are commonon the site related to the given theme. Also, these links can helpsearch engines discover other search pages, and these links can bring invaluable and relevant content onto the given page. In some embodiments,these links are computed based on product relevancy and product overlap;and these searches are typically high frequency (e.g., and can also bepresented in a “Related Searches” widget).

In some embodiments, “More Results” are provided as links in asub-window (e.g., such as sub-window 702). In some embodiments, theseare links to (1) other Thematic Pages, if they exist, or (2) searchresults pages if there are no relevant Thematic Pages. For example,these links allow users to further explore the assortment of productspresented in the “Top Refinements” sub-themes. Also, these links canfacilitate crawling by search engines to search other pages and thematicpages for the web site.

FIG. 8 is a network architecture for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments. As shown, a clientdevice 810 that executes a web browser 820 is in network communicationwith a web site 830 (e.g., a server or appliance or other web or cloudbased network service that services requests for the web site). Inparticular, the client browser 820 requests a theme landing page (e.g.,a web page that is optimized for a particular theme). The web site 830determines that the request includes a request for a landing page for atheme. In some embodiments, the web site 830 determines whether a copyof the landing page for the theme has been locally cached. Assuming thatthe web site does not have a local copy of the landing page for thetheme, the web site 830 submits a request for the landing page for thetheme to a theme content service 840 (e.g., a server or appliance orother web or cloud based network service that services requests fortheme landing pages for the web site). The theme content service 840returns the landing page for the theme to the web site 830, which thensends the landing page for the theme to the browser 820 (e.g., which canrender the landing page for the theme for display by the client device810).

In some embodiments, a web site includes links to theme based landingpages for the web site (e.g., links to thematic pages). For example,when a user clicks a link to a thematic page, the exact URL pattern usedcan take several forms (e.g.,http://www.<merchant>.com/<page_name>-th.html). The web site server canextract the page_name field from the URL (e.g., as indicated in theabove example) and can construct a fetch_thematic API call to a thirdparty theme content service (e.g., the remote API can require an HTTPGET request that specifies, and possibly authenticates the authorizedweb site requester using a private key, and also possibly utilizes avariable number of HTTP parameters escaped using URL percent-encodingconventions, the requesting web site and the requested thematic page)that services thematic page requests for the web site (e.g., in otherexamples, the thematic page requests can be serviced by the web siteserver or another service managed by the web site operator). The thirdparty theme content service can then return the requested thematic page(e.g., return the HTML for the requested thematic page, possibly insidereturning the HTML that should be used to construct the thematic page byplacing the returned HTML inside a thematic page template). The web siteserver can then construct the thematic page using the returned HTMLpage, and possibly some additional boilerplate, and can then return therequested constructed thematic page to the requesting user's clientbrowser. In some embodiments, the web site server caches the thematicpages (e.g., for a one day period of time, or another period of time orbased on an event occurrence).

FIG. 9 is another flow diagram for generating content for topics basedon user demand in accordance with some embodiments. At 902, a userrequest for a topic (e.g., theme or sub-theme) is received at a webserver for a web site. At 904, the topic is determined based on therequest. At 906, a third party server request for a web page for thetopic is sent. At 908, the web page for the topic is received at the webserver for the web site. At 910, the web page for the topic is generatedat a client device browser. In some embodiments, a source of the webpage for the topic is transparent to a web crawler.

Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some detailfor purposes of clarity of understanding, the invention is not limitedto the details provided. There are many alternative ways of implementingthe invention. The disclosed embodiments are illustrative and notrestrictive.

What is claimed is:
 1. (canceled)
 2. A system, comprising: a processorconfigured to: analyze user behavior to determine a plurality of topicsbased on user demand, wherein analyzing user behavior includes analyzingone or more of the following: user search history, user purchasehistory, user device preference, user presentation preferences, contentgenerated using pixel log related data, user reviews, social networkingrelated data, and visited information; select a topic included in theplurality of topics for a web site based on the user demand, wherein theweb site includes a corpus of content; determine that the web site doesnot include existing content for the topic in the corpus of content; andautomatically generate a landing page for the topic, wherein the landingpage includes content that is configured or organized differently thanon other web pages of the web site; and a memory coupled to theprocessor and configured to provide the processor with instructions. 3.The system recited in claim 2, wherein the landing page includespersonalized content that is based on a source of a user.
 4. The systemrecited in claim 2, wherein the landing page includes personalizedcontent that is optimized for a referring source of a user and a displaydevice type associated with the user.
 5. The system recited in claim 2,wherein the landing page includes personalized content for a user thatdoes not exist on the other web pages of the web site.
 6. The systemrecited in claim 2, wherein the processor is further configured to:automatically add a link to the landing page to the web site, whereinthe link is crawlable by a web crawler.
 7. The system recited in claim2, wherein analyzing user behavior to determine the plurality of topicsbased on user demand further comprises: determine at least one themebased on common phrases in a search query log from the web site, asearch query log from a search engine, or a combination thereof; clusterthe at least one theme; and determine at least one of the plurality oftopics based on the clustered at least one theme.
 8. The system recitedin claim 2, wherein a plurality of landing pages are generated for theplurality of topics, and wherein the processor is further configured to:determine performance metrics associated with each of the plurality oflanding pages.
 9. The system recited in claim 2, wherein a plurality oflanding pages are generated for the plurality of topics, and wherein theprocessor is further configured to: display performance metricsassociated with each of the plurality of landing pages, and wherein eachof the plurality of landing pages can be configured or automaticallyremoved based on the performance metrics.
 10. The system recited inclaim 2, wherein a plurality of landing pages are generated for theplurality of topics, and wherein the processor is further configured to:determine performance metrics associated with each of the plurality oflanding pages; and automatically modify one or more of the plurality oflanding pages based on the performance metrics.
 11. The system recitedin claim 2, wherein a plurality of landing pages are generated for theplurality of topics, and wherein the processor is further configured to:determine performance metrics associated with each of the plurality oflanding pages; and determine a charge for using each of the plurality oflanding pages based on the performance metrics associated with each ofthe plurality of landing pages.
 12. A method, comprising: analyzing userbehavior to determine a plurality of topics based on user demand,wherein analyzing user behavior includes analyzing one or more of thefollowing: user search history, user purchase history, user devicepreference, user presentation preferences, content generated using pixellog related data, user reviews, social networking related data, andvisited information; selecting a topic included in the plurality oftopics for a web site based on the user demand, wherein the web siteincludes a corpus of content; determining that the web site does notinclude existing content for the topic in the corpus of content; andautomatically generating a landing page for the topic, wherein thelanding page includes content that is configured or organizeddifferently than on other web pages of the web site.
 13. The method ofclaim 12, wherein the landing page includes personalized content that isbased on a source of a user.
 14. The method of claim 12, wherein thelanding page includes personalized content that is optimized for areferring source of a user and a display device type associated with theuser.
 15. The method of claim 12, wherein the landing page includespersonalized content for a user that does not exist on the other webpages of the web site.
 16. The method of claim 12, further comprising:automatically add a link to the landing page to the web site, whereinthe link is crawlable by a web crawler.
 17. The method of claim 12,wherein analyzing user behavior to determine the plurality of topicsbased on user demand further comprises: determining at least one themebased on common phrases in a search query log from the web site, asearch query log from a search engine, or a combination thereof;clustering the at least one theme; and determining at least one of theplurality of topics based on the clustered at least one theme.
 18. Themethod of claim 12, wherein a plurality of landing pages are generatedfor the plurality of topics, and further comprising: determiningperformance metrics associated with each of the plurality of landingpages.
 19. The method of claim 12, wherein a plurality of landing pagesare generated for the plurality of topics, and further comprising:displaying performance metrics associated with each of the plurality oflanding pages, and wherein each of the plurality of landing pages can beconfigured or automatically removed based on the performance metrics.20. The method of claim 12, wherein a plurality of landing pages aregenerated for the plurality of topics, and further comprising:determining performance metrics associated with each of the plurality oflanding pages; and automatically modifying one or more of the pluralityof landing pages based on the performance metrics.
 21. The method ofclaim 12, wherein a plurality of landing pages are generated for theplurality of topics, and further comprising: determining performancemetrics associated with each of the plurality of landing pages; anddetermining a charge for using each of the plurality of landing pagesbased on the performance metrics associated with each of the pluralityof landing pages.
 22. A system, comprising: a processor of a third partyserver for a theme content service configured to: generate a themelanding page for a topic, wherein content of the theme landing page isconfigured or organized differently than on other web pages of a website; receive a request for the theme landing page for the topic from aweb server for the web site in response to the web server receiving auser request for the topic at the web server, wherein the topic isindicated as a linked topic on a web page of the web site; and send thetheme landing page for the topic to the web server in response to therequest for the theme landing page for the topic from the web server;wherein a source of the theme landing page for the topic is transparentto a web crawler; and a memory coupled to the processor and configuredto provide the processor with instructions.
 23. The system recited inclaim 22, wherein the request for the theme landing page for the topicfrom the web server is communicated to the third party server for thetheme content service using an application programming interface.